Following is a list of libraries and software that should be learned by anyone who wants to develop in the field of AI and Machine Vision. Of course learning each one of them in a thorough manner would take lots and lots of time but to have a consistent level of knowledge in all of them would help tremendously in developing sophisticated apps and finding your way in highly complex AI related projects.
What I suggest here is a little bit Windows OS based but you can replace those items with any items that you like and that is relevant to the OS of your choice. (Even though I am all for open-source, I strongly recommend going for Windows in case of operating systems. Specially now that Windows 10 is out.)